Nine competence areas covering the complete radar chain

01

Radar Cross Section & Signature Measurement

Wideband 2–40 GHz measurement of radar cross section and radar signatures, with calibration, validation and interpretation of the measured result.

• Coherent, polarimetric and frequency-agile measurement techniques, including bistatic geometries.
• Reference reflector measurement and calibration chains that make absolute RCS numbers defensible.
• Assessment of multipath, environment and geometry as sources of measurement error.
• Interpretation of measured signatures: what the scattering behaviour means for the system that must detect the target.

02

Radar Systems & Signal Processing

Complete radar systems at both system and subsystem level: architecture, waveforms, RF, and the processing chain that determines what the system can actually detect.

• Radar system analysis, architecture assessment and concept development.
• Waveform and RF subsystem assessment, sensor integration and system verification.
• Coherent, frequency-domain, high-resolution, polarimetric and multistatic signal processing.
• Explaining how algorithm choices propagate into end-to-end system capability.

03

Electronic Warfare & Radar Survivability

Radar behaviour in contested electromagnetic environments — interference, countermeasures, detectability and distributed architectures that improve survivability.

• Analysis of radar operation under electronic countermeasures, anti-radiation threats and interference.
• Distributed and multistatic architectures as a route to reduced detectability and improved survivability.
• This is radar and EW-related engineering expertise — NORRAD is not a supplier of complete operational EW systems.

04

Phased Array & Advanced RF

Electronically steered antennas, beam steering and advanced radar front ends up into millimetre-wave bands.

• Antenna and front-end concepts assessed against the surveillance or measurement task they must serve.
• Trade-offs between scan rate, resolution, polarisation capability and RF complexity.

05

Maritime & Small-Target Detection Radar

Radar performance over the sea: propagation, sea clutter, and the detection of small and low-RCS targets in difficult conditions.

• Sea-clutter and propagation analysis, including refraction and multipath effects on detection range.
• Detection of small targets such as periscopes, debris and people in the sea — evidence of competence in difficult detection, not a product offering.
• Why a radar performs differently at sea than in specification or laboratory conditions.

06

Precision Radar & Remote Sensing

Radar used as a precision instrument: interferometric phase measurement, displacement monitoring and coherent remote sensing, including SAR-related analysis.

• Long-range remote deformation monitoring of unstable rock slopes, glaciers and geophysical processes.
• Atmospheric error compensation and rigorous treatment of measurement uncertainty.
• Spaceborne SAR imagery, target behaviour in SAR and electromagnetic scattering analysis.

07

R&D & Technical Advisory

Independent technical support across the full radar engineering lifecycle — from feasibility study to qualified, operational system.

• Research → concept → prototype → field testing → qualification → operational deployment.
• Independent review of supplier claims, competing solutions and measured data.
• Translating complex radar and electromagnetic issues into clear engineering conclusions.

08

Drone Detection

Specialist radar expertise for detecting and tracking drones and other small aerial targets using high-resolution, electronically steered and phased-array radar concepts.

• Detection and tracking concepts for small, slow and low-flying aerial targets with very low radar cross section.
• High-resolution waveforms, electronic scanning and 3D radar concepts assessed against realistic clutter and background conditions.
• Independent evaluation of counter-UAS radar performance claims, coverage and discrimination between drones, birds and clutter.

09

Air Defence

Specialist radar expertise for low-level air surveillance and air-defence applications, including multistatic radar, small-target detection, rapid electronic scanning and radar performance in contested electromagnetic environments.

• Low-level air surveillance analysis: terrain masking, propagation, clutter and detection of small or low-flying targets.
• Multistatic and bistatic architectures for coverage, resilience and reduced detectability.
• Radar performance assessment under jamming, interference and other contested electromagnetic conditions.
• Advisory and analysis work — NORRAD does not supply operational air-defence systems.